Brazil is opening its power sector. Austria did it in 2001 and built a consumer-first, competitive model. This guide extracts the most actionable lessons—process, regulation, technology, and market design—to accelerate Brazil’s transition.

Hard-to-abate sectors drive nearly a third of global emissions. This article explains how decarbonizing heavy industry with hydrogen, CCS, electrification, and smart policy can deliver competitive, low-carbon materials at scale.