Forced energy transition debates often miss commercial fundamentals. Forced energy transition framed around intermittent supply struggles when availability, reliability and affordability are misaligned with demand.

Technology isn’t enough. This article shows how energy culture—public attitudes shaped by history, trust, and media—can accelerate or stall policy, and how better engagement turns citizens into co-owners of the transition.

Energy transition economics explains why some swaps—like electric lighting—scale fast while others (ammonia, steel, aviation) remain costly. Energy transition economics helps separate quick wins from hard-to-abate sectors.