huawei energy management, digital energy, telecom-energy convergence, BESS, virtual power plants, VPP, microgrids, PV inverters, 5G for energy, 3GPP, AI forecasting, EMS platforms, interoperability, Matter protocol, OpenADR, IEEE 1547, OCPP, SunSpec Alliance, MQTT, OPC UA, cybersecurity, NIST CSF, IEC 62443, ISO 27001, GDPR, open APIs, energy-as-a-service, utility partnerships, DER aggregation, market integration

Fragmented device languages stall EMS at scale. This article shows how standardized communication protocols enable seamless HEMS/BEMS/IMES integration, lower costs, and open the door to flexibility markets and virtual power plants.